Study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes

Polazište ovog rada je eksperiment izveden na institutu RIKEN u Japanu u kojem je proučavana nuklearna jednadžba stanja u sudarima izotopa kositra. Energijske distribucije i njihovi omjeri za izospinske parove poput para proton-neutron primjeri su opservabla koje mogu pokazivati osjetljivost na energiju simetrije - najmanje poznat član u nuklearnoj jednadžbi stanja, a u ovakvim sudarima one se nastoje izmjeriti. Cilj rada bio je rekonstruirati ove opservable energije simetrije iz mjerenja neutronskog detektora NeuLAND i vidjeti može li se iz njih zaključiti nešto o parametru γ u potencijalnom članu energije simetrije. Napravljene su simulacije eksperimenta u softverskom okruženju R3BRoot pomoću simulacijskog paketa GEANT4 i pomoću njih je određena efikasnost detekcije protona i neutrona u ovisnosti o energiji što je omogućilo rekonstrukciju distribucija za sustave 132Sn + 124Sn te 124Sn + 112Sn. Distribucije su uspoređene s rezultatima UrQMD transportnog modela za dvije parametrizacije energije simetrije: γ = 0.5 i γ = 1.5. Konačno, raspravljena je mogućnost izbora jedne od njih kao preferirajuće parametrizacije energije simetrije.Starting point of this work is the experiment conducted at RIKEN institute in Japan the focus of the which was the study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes. Energy distributions of isospin pairs like proton-neutron pair and their ratio are examples of observables which can show sensitivity to the symmetry energy - the least known part of nuclear equation of state. Purpose of mentioned collisions is to measure them. Hence, the aim of this work was to reconstruct these observables from measurements made by neutron detector NeuLAND and from them possibly conclude something about the parameter γ in potential part of the symmetry energy. Simulations of the experiment were made using software framework R3BRoot with transport machine GEANT4. Using simulations, proton and neutron efficiencies depending on particle energy were calculated which enabled reconstruction of energy distributions for systems 132Sn + 124Sn and 124Sn + 112Sn. These distributions were compared to UrQMD model results for two parametrizations of symmetry energy, namely γ = 0.5 and γ = 1.5. Work finishes with the discussion weather preference could be given to any of the two as the possible parametrization of symmetry energy

Study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes

Polazište ovog rada je eksperiment izveden na institutu RIKEN u Japanu u kojem je proučavana nuklearna jednadžba stanja u sudarima izotopa kositra. Energijske distribucije i njihovi omjeri za izospinske parove poput para proton-neutron primjeri su opservabla koje mogu pokazivati osjetljivost na energiju simetrije - najmanje poznat član u nuklearnoj jednadžbi stanja, a u ovakvim sudarima one se nastoje izmjeriti. Cilj rada bio je rekonstruirati ove opservable energije simetrije iz mjerenja neutronskog detektora NeuLAND i vidjeti može li se iz njih zaključiti nešto o parametru γ u potencijalnom članu energije simetrije. Napravljene su simulacije eksperimenta u softverskom okruženju R3BRoot pomoću simulacijskog paketa GEANT4 i pomoću njih je određena efikasnost detekcije protona i neutrona u ovisnosti o energiji što je omogućilo rekonstrukciju distribucija za sustave 132Sn + 124Sn te 124Sn + 112Sn. Distribucije su uspoređene s rezultatima UrQMD transportnog modela za dvije parametrizacije energije simetrije: γ = 0.5 i γ = 1.5. Konačno, raspravljena je mogućnost izbora jedne od njih kao preferirajuće parametrizacije energije simetrije.Starting point of this work is the experiment conducted at RIKEN institute in Japan the focus of the which was the study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes. Energy distributions of isospin pairs like proton-neutron pair and their ratio are examples of observables which can show sensitivity to the symmetry energy - the least known part of nuclear equation of state. Purpose of mentioned collisions is to measure them. Hence, the aim of this work was to reconstruct these observables from measurements made by neutron detector NeuLAND and from them possibly conclude something about the parameter γ in potential part of the symmetry energy. Simulations of the experiment were made using software framework R3BRoot with transport machine GEANT4. Using simulations, proton and neutron efficiencies depending on particle energy were calculated which enabled reconstruction of energy distributions for systems 132Sn + 124Sn and 124Sn + 112Sn. These distributions were compared to UrQMD model results for two parametrizations of symmetry energy, namely γ = 0.5 and γ = 1.5. Work finishes with the discussion weather preference could be given to any of the two as the possible parametrization of symmetry energy

Study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes

Polazište ovog rada je eksperiment izveden na institutu RIKEN u Japanu u kojem je proučavana nuklearna jednadžba stanja u sudarima izotopa kositra. Energijske distribucije i njihovi omjeri za izospinske parove poput para proton-neutron primjeri su opservabla koje mogu pokazivati osjetljivost na energiju simetrije - najmanje poznat član u nuklearnoj jednadžbi stanja, a u ovakvim sudarima one se nastoje izmjeriti. Cilj rada bio je rekonstruirati ove opservable energije simetrije iz mjerenja neutronskog detektora NeuLAND i vidjeti može li se iz njih zaključiti nešto o parametru γ u potencijalnom članu energije simetrije. Napravljene su simulacije eksperimenta u softverskom okruženju R3BRoot pomoću simulacijskog paketa GEANT4 i pomoću njih je određena efikasnost detekcije protona i neutrona u ovisnosti o energiji što je omogućilo rekonstrukciju distribucija za sustave 132Sn + 124Sn te 124Sn + 112Sn. Distribucije su uspoređene s rezultatima UrQMD transportnog modela za dvije parametrizacije energije simetrije: γ = 0.5 i γ = 1.5. Konačno, raspravljena je mogućnost izbora jedne od njih kao preferirajuće parametrizacije energije simetrije.Starting point of this work is the experiment conducted at RIKEN institute in Japan the focus of the which was the study of nuclear equation of state in collisions of tin isotopes. Energy distributions of isospin pairs like proton-neutron pair and their ratio are examples of observables which can show sensitivity to the symmetry energy - the least known part of nuclear equation of state. Purpose of mentioned collisions is to measure them. Hence, the aim of this work was to reconstruct these observables from measurements made by neutron detector NeuLAND and from them possibly conclude something about the parameter γ in potential part of the symmetry energy. Simulations of the experiment were made using software framework R3BRoot with transport machine GEANT4. Using simulations, proton and neutron efficiencies depending on particle energy were calculated which enabled reconstruction of energy distributions for systems 132Sn + 124Sn and 124Sn + 112Sn. These distributions were compared to UrQMD model results for two parametrizations of symmetry energy, namely γ = 0.5 and γ = 1.5. Work finishes with the discussion weather preference could be given to any of the two as the possible parametrization of symmetry energy

NeuLAND: The high-resolution neutron time-of-flight spectrometer for R3B at FAIR

NeuLAND (New Large-Area Neutron Detector) is the next-generation neutron detector for the R3B (Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams) experiment at FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research). NeuLAND detects neutrons with energies from 100 to 1000 MeV, featuring a high detection efficiency, a high spatial and time resolution, and a large multi-neutron reconstruction efficiency. This is achieved by a highly granular design of organic scintillators: 3000 individual submodules with a size of 5 × 5 × 250 cm3 are arranged in 30 double planes with 100 submodules each, providing an active area of 250 × 250 cm2 and a total depth of 3 m. The spatial resolution due to the granularity together with a time resolution of 150 ps ensures high-resolution capabilities. In conjunction with calorimetric properties, a multi-neutron reconstruction efficiency of 50% to 70% for four-neutron events will be achieved, depending on both the emission scenario and the boundary conditions allowed for the reconstruction method. We present in this paper the final design of the detector as well as results from test measurements and simulations on which this design is based

A new Time-of-flight detector for the R 3 B setup

© 2022, The Author(s).We present the design, prototype developments and test results of the new time-of-flight detector (ToFD) which is part of the R3B experimental setup at GSI and FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany. The ToFD detector is able to detect heavy-ion residues of all charges at relativistic energies with a relative energy precision σΔE/ ΔE of up to 1% and a time precision of up to 14 ps (sigma). Together with an elaborate particle-tracking system, the full identification of relativistic ions from hydrogen up to uranium in mass and nuclear charge is possible.11Nsciescopu